Compared with copper cables, fiber optic cables offer distinct advantages: High Transmission Performance: Light-speed data transfer with ultra-large bandwidth, supporting gigabit or even 10-gigabit speeds and extremely low latency. Strong Anti-Interference: Non-conductive nature eliminates electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI), ideal for complex environments like industrial areas. Long Transmission Distance: Minimal signal attenuation allows transmission over several kilometers or even tens of kilometers without repeaters, far exceeding copper cables. Additional Benefits: Compact size, light weight, no electromagnetic radiation, higher security and lower risk of eavesdropping.

Fiber optic cables are mainly categorized into two types based on application scenarios and structure: Single-mode Fiber (SMF): Features an extremely thin core (about 9 microns), allowing only one light mode to propagate. Suitable for long-distance, high-speed transmission (e.g., backbone networks, inter-city communication). Multi-mode Fiber (MMF): Has a thicker core (e.g., 50 microns, 62.5 microns), supporting multiple light modes. Designed for short-distance transmission (within several hundred meters), commonly used in local area networks (LANs) and data centers.

Fiber optic cables are widely used in various communication scenarios: Telecommunication backbone networks and broadband internet access (e.g., FTTH – Fiber to the Home); High-speed interconnection within and between data centers; Broadcast television signal transmission and surveillance system wiring; Industrial control, medical equipment and other fields requiring high stability.